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PrepaCyte-CB yields the highest number of colony-forming units (CFUs).

1. Henderson, C., Wofford, J., Fortune, K., & Regan, D. (2010, May). Evaluation of processing technologies for umbilical cord blood (UCB). [Paper presented at the 14th Annual International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.] https://www.cryo-cell.com/CryoCell/media/CryoCell/References/Evaluation-of-ProcessingTechnologies-for-UCB.pdf. Accessed 2025-01-30.

Cord blood stem cells are processed to remove red blood cell contamination. PrepaCyte-CB provides the greatest reduction in red blood cell (RBC) contamination over other processing methods.

2. The International Society for Cellular Therapy, Telgraft Quarterly Newsletter, Vol. 15 No. 4, Winter 2008.

3. Henderson, C., Wofford, J., Fortune, K., & Regan, D. (2010, May). Evaluation of processing technologies for umbilical cord blood (UCB). [Paper presented at the 14th Annual International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.] https://www.cryo-cell.com/CryoCell/media/CryoCell/References/Evaluation-of-ProcessingTechnologies-for-UCB.pdf. Accessed 2025-01-30.

PrepaCyte-CB recovers the greatest percentage of CD34+ stem cells from human umbilical cord blood. Prepacyte-CB is the most flexible method; the only one where TNC and CD34+ recovery is not affected by the initial volume of the collected unit.  PrepaCyte-CB processed samples have a higher clonogenic potential than all methods tested in this study.

 

4. Basford, C., Forraz, N., Habibollah, S., Hanger, K., & McGuckin, C. (2010). The cord blood separation league table: A comparison of the major clinical grade harvesting techniques for cord blood stem cells. International Journal of Stem Cells, 3(1), 32–45. https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc.2010.3.1.32.

The number of colony-forming units (CFUs) is currently the most accurate measurement used to determine stem cell potency and the potential for stem cell engraftment.

4. Basford, C., Forraz, N., Habibollah, S., Hanger, K., & McGuckin, C. (2010). The cord blood separation league table: A comparison of the major clinical grade harvesting techniques for cord blood stem cells. International Journal of Stem Cells, 3(1), 32–45. https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc.2010.3.1.32.

5. Yoo, K. H., et al. (2007). The impact of post-thaw colony-forming units-granulocyte/macrophage on engraftment following unrelated cord blood transplantation in pediatric recipients. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 39, 515–522. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1705629.

6. Page, K. M., Zhang, L., Mendizabal, A., Wease, S., Carter, S., Gentry, T., Balber, A. E., & Kurtzberg, J. (2011). Total colony-forming units are a strong, independent predictor of neutrophil and platelet engraftment after unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation: A single-center analysis of 435 cord blood transplants. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 17(9), 1362–1374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.01.011.

Prepacyte-CB processed cord blood units were used in over 350 transplants and the data suggests a 4-5 day reduction in engraftment time as compared with units processed with other technologies.

7. D. (2015). Emerging considerations for cord blood transplantation. Paper presented at the 2015 Cord Blood Symposium, San Francisco, CA.

Cryo-Cell International holds more cord blood patents than any other cord blood bank.

8. Cryo-Cell International, through its ownership in research affiliate, Saneron CCEL Therapeutics, research affiliate, holds more cord blood patents than any other cord blood bank. [Internal research verified in 2015]

More than 500,000 parents from 87 countries have chosen Cryo-Cell to store their baby’s cord blood.

9. Includes specimens from Cryo-Cell International's affiliates in Mexico and India.

The FDA recommends only citrate-based anticoagulants, such as CPD, for use in cord blood collection.

10. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. (2014, March). Guidance for Industry: Biologics License Applications for Minimally Manipulated, Unrelated Allogeneic Placental/Umbilical Cord Blood Intended for Hematopoietic and Immunologic Reconstitution in Patients with Disorders Affecting the Hematopoietic System.

If your baby’s stem cells are properly processed and stored, scientists believe they could last indefinitely.

11. Broxmeyer, H. E., Luchsinger, L. L., Weinberg, R. S., Jimenez, A., Frenet, E. M., Van't Hof, W., Capitano, M. L., Hillyer, C. D., Kaplan, M. H., Cooper, S., & Ropa, J. (2023). Insights into highly engraftable hematopoietic cells from 27-year cryopreserved umbilical cord blood. Cell Reports Medicine, 4(11), 101259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101259.

Cord blood has been used in the treatment of nearly 80 diseases.
Obtaining matched stem cells, which are necessary for transplant, can be extremely difficult due to strict matching requirements. 
Cord blood can treat hematologic cancers, bone marrow failures, hemoglobinopathies, hematologic cancer, immune deficiencies, and genetic disorders.

12. Moise, K. J., Jr. (2005). Umbilical cord stem cells. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 106(6), 1393–1407. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000188388.84901.e4.

Different from a public bank, where your stem cells can be given to another individual and may not be available for your family, family banking ensures your stem cells will be readily available for your family if needed.

13. "Cord Blood Banking." Pennsylvania Department of Health, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, www.pa.gov/agencies/health/programs/blood-and-organ-donation/cord-blood-banking. Accessed 24 Dec. 2025.

60,000 transplants worldwide have been performed using cord blood stem cells.

15. AABB. (2025, October). Cord blood myths and facts (Originally provided by the Cord Blood Association). https://www.aabb.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/resources/cord-blood-myths-and-facts.pdf Accessed 2026-01-07.

Pre-clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Parkinson’s Disease.

16. Fu, Y. S., Cheng, Y. C., Lin, M. Y., Cheng, H., Chu, P. M., Chou, S. C., Shih, Y. H., Ko, M. H., & Sung, M. S. (2006). Conversion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in Wharton's jelly to dopaminergic neurons in vitro: Potential therapeutic application for Parkinsonism. Stem Cells, 24(1), 115–124. https://doi.org/10.1634/stemcells.2005-0053.

Pre-clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

17. Liu, Y., Mu, R., Wang, S., Long, L., Liu, X., Li, R., Sun, J., Guo, J., Zhang, X., Guo, J., Yu, P., Li, C., Liu, X., Huang, Z., Wang, D., Li, H., Gu, Z., Liu, B., & Li, Z. (2010). Therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 12(6), R210. https://doi.org/10.1186/ar3187.

Pre-clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Stroke.

18. Ding, D. C., Shyu, W. C., Chiang, M. F., Lin, S. Z., Chang, Y. C., Wang, H. J., Su, C. Y., & Li, H. (2007). Enhancement of neuroplasticity through upregulation of beta1-integrin in human umbilical cord-derived stromal cell implanted stroke model. Neurobiology of Disease, 27(3), 339–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2007.06.010.

Pre-clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Heart Disease.

19. Sodian, R., Lueders, C., Kraemer, L., Kuebler, W., Shakibaei, M., Reichart, B., Daebritz, S., & Hetzer, R. (2006). Tissue engineering of autologous human heart valves using cryopreserved vascular umbilical cord cells. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 81(6), 2207–2216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.12.073.

Pre-clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Alzheimer’s Disease.

20. Ende, N., Chen, R., & Ende-Harris, D. (2001). Human umbilical cord blood cells ameliorate Alzheimer's disease in transgenic mice. Journal of Medicine, 32(3-4), 241–247.

21. Lee, H. J., Lee, J. K., Lee, H., Carter, J. E., Chang, J. W., Oh, W., Yang, Y. S., Suh, J. G., Lee, B. H., Jin, H. K., & Bae, J. S. (2012). Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve neuropathology and cognitive impairment in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model through modulation of neuroinflammation. Neurobiology of Aging, 33(3), 588–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.03.024.

Pre-clinical Cord Blood Stem Cell Research for Type 1 Diabetes.

22. Anzalone, R., Lo Iacono, M., Loria, T., Di Stefano, A., Giannuzzi, P., Farina, F., & La Rocca, G. (2011). Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells as candidates for beta cells regeneration: Extending the differentiative and immunomodulatory benefits of adult mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 7(2), 342–363. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-010-9196-4.

23. National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2006). Safety and efficacy of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with type 2 diabetes (NCT00305344) [Clinical trial registration]. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00305344. Accessed 2025-02-04.

Pre-clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Liver Fibrosis.

24. Tsai, P. C., Fu, T. W., Chen, Y. M., Ko, T. L., Chen, T. H., Shih, Y. H., Hung, S. C., & Fu, Y. S. (2009). The therapeutic potential of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton's jelly in the treatment of rat liver fibrosis. Liver Transplantation, 15(5), 484–495. https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.21715.

Pre-clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Lung Cancer.

25. Maurya, D. K., Doi, C., Kawabata, A., Pyle, M. M., King, C., Wu, Z., Troyer, D., & Tamura, M. (2010). Therapy with un-engineered naïve rat umbilical cord matrix stem cells markedly inhibits growth of murine lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer, 10, 590. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-10-590.

Pre-Clinical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Research for Sports Injuries (Cartilage).

26. Wang, L., Tran, I., Seshareddy, K., Weiss, M. L., & Detamore, M. S. (2009). A comparison of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for cartilage tissue engineering. Tissue Engineering Part A, 15(8), 2259–2266. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0393.

Clinical Cord Blood Stem Cell Research for Cerebral Palsy.

27. Kurtzberg, J. Status of a clinical trial of autologous cord blood stem cells for the treatment of cerebral palsy and other acquired brain injuries in young children. Poster presented at: 9th Annual International Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Symposium; June 3-5, 2010; San Francisco, CA.

28. Kurtzberg, J., MD. (2023). A randomized study of autologous umbilical cord blood reinfusion in children with cerebral palsy. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01147653. Accessed 2025-02-06.

Clinical Cord Blood Stem Cell Research for Autism.

29. Kurtzberg, J., MD. (2019). Autologous umbilical cord blood infusion for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02176317. Accessed 2025-02-06.

Currently, the odds of undergoing any stem cell transplant by age 70 is 1 in 217.

30. Nietfeld, J. J., Pasquini, M. C., Logan, B. R., Verter, F., & Horowitz, M. M. (2008). Lifetime probabilities of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the U.S. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 14(3), 316–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.493.

$100,000 and $75,000 Quality Guarantees.

31. Subject to the Terms and Conditions of our contract agreement, if the child’s cryopreserved cord blood was processed with our Premium PrepaCyte-CB processing method and fails to engraft in a stem cell transplant, Cryo-Cell will pay the Client $100,000; if the processing method was our standard HES processing method and fails to engraft, Cryo-Cell will pay the Client $75,000.

Best Price Guarantee.

32. Cryo-Cell International guarantees to match any written offer for product determined to be similar at Cryo-Cell International’s sole discretion.

PrepaCyte-CB provides the greatest reduction in red blood cell (RBC) contamination, over other tested processing methods, including automated processing methods.

33. Alcaina, P., Solves, V., Mirabet, D., Planelles, D., Blanquer, A., Larrea, L., & Roig, R. (2011, April). Comparison between two automatic devices for cord blood volume reduction [Conference presentation]. 37th Annual Meeting of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), Paris, France.

Research has shown that blood-derived stem cells from older donors undergo signs of aging that reduce their ability to function as well as stem cells from younger donors.

34. Van Zant, G., & Liang, Y. (2012). Concise review: Hematopoietic stem cell aging, life span, and transplantation. Stem Cells Translational Medicine, 1(9), 651–657. https://doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2012-0033.

35. Signer, R. A., & Morrison, S. J. (2013). Mechanisms that regulate stem cell aging and life span. Cell Stem Cell, 12(2), 152–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2013.01.001.

Following the FDA recommendation, Cryo-Cell International uses heparin-free bags to safeguard clients from complications linked to heparin toxicity and allergy reaction, as well as to maximize the recovery of stem cells. We recommend that you use only citrate-based anticoagulants.

36. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Guidance for industry: Biologics license applications for minimally manipulated, unrelated allogeneic placental/umbilical cord blood intended for hematopoietic and immunologic reconstitution in patients with disorders affecting the hematopoietic system. https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/bla-minimally-manipulated-unrelated-allogeneic-placentalumbilical-cord-blood-intended-hematopoietic. Accessed 2025-01-30.

37. Kraus, M., Foster, K., Rigas Bridges, A., & Walters, M. C. (2009). Cord blood units collected with liquid CPD appear to contain significantly more nucleated and CD34+ cells than units collected with dry heparin. Blood, 114(22), 4227. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V114.22.4227.4227.

Siblings have up to a 75% chance of being a match for each other.

38. Beatty, P. G., Boucher, K. M., Mori, M., & Milford, E. L. (2000). Probability of finding HLA-mismatched related or unrelated marrow or cord blood donors. Human Immunology, 61(8), 834–840. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0198-8859(00)00138-5.

Umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells have been demonstrated to promote wound healing and have been applied for the treatment of skin ulcers. Studies clearly showed the benefits of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells for wound healing.

39. Tan, S. T., Aisyah, P. B., Firmansyah, Y., Nathasia, N., Budi, E., & Hendrawan, S. (2024). Effectiveness of Secretome from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gel (10% SM-hUCMSC Gel) for Chronic Wounds (Diabetic and Trophic Ulcer) – Phase 2 Clinical Trial. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare16, 1763–1777. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S408162

Cord tissue mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to regenerate and differentiate into many different types of cells and therefore, they can potentially be used to treat conditions that cord blood alone cannot treat.

40. El Omar, R., Beroud, J., Stoltz, J. F., Menu, P., Velot, E., & Decot, V. (2014). Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: The new gold standard for mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies? Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews, 20(5), 523–544. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.TEB.2013.0664.

MSC’s have been used in clinical trials to complement the cord blood stem cells in the same transplant.

41. Battiwalla, M., & Hematti, P. (2009). Mesenchymal stem cells in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cytotherapy, 11(5), 503–515. https://doi.org/10.1080/14653240903193806.

42. Wu, K. H., Sheu, J. N., Wu, H. P., Tsai, C., Sieber, M., Peng, C. T., & Chao, Y. H. (2013). Cotransplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote hematopoietic engraftment in cord blood transplantation: A pilot study. Transplantation, 95(5), 773–777. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e31827a93dd.

Cryo-Cell International’s cord tissue cryopreservation processing method has been independently acknowledged as the optimal method for processing cord tissue for future use according to scientific data published in the October, 2015 issue of the journal Placenta.

43. Dulugiac, M., Moldovan, L., & Zarnescu, O. (2015). Comparative studies of mesenchymal stem cells derived from different cord tissue compartments-The influence of cryopreservation and growth media. Placenta, 36(10), 1192–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2015.08.011.

Stem cells derived from cord tissue are being researched in regenerative medicine studies for a wide range of conditions and are currently being investigated in hundreds of clinical trials.

44. Galderisi, U., Peluso, G., & Di Bernardo, G. (2022). Clinical trials based on mesenchymal stromal cells are exponentially increasing: Where are we in recent years? Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 18(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-021-10231-w.

According to the New York Blood Center, AXP processing leaves a greater number of red blood cells in the final product. Ending hematocrit percentage using AXP processing registered as 29.8%, while Prepacyte-CB registers at 8.2%. Hematocrit is a measure of the proportion of red blood cells in the blood.

45. Dobrila, L. et al. (2006). Automated separation of cord blood MNC fraction in a closed system: Thermogenesis AXP™ system. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 12(2), 104. https://www.astctjournal.org/article/S1083-8791(05)01123-7/fulltext.

According to a study done at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, stem cell units from a FACT-accredited lab produce better treatment outcomes for patients.

46. Barker, J. N., Kurtzberg, J., Ballen, K., Boo, M., Brunstein, C., Cutler, C., Horwitz, M., Milano, F., Olson, A., Spellman, S., Wagner, J. E., Delaney, C., & Shpall, E. (2017). Optimal practices in unrelated donor cord blood transplantation for hematologic malignancies. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 23(6), 882–896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.03.006.

The 10 top Cancer Centers in the U.S. are all FACT-accredited.

47. Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy. (n.d.). What FACT accreditation means to patients and their families. https://www.factglobal.org/accreditation-process/what-fact-accreditation-means-to-patients/. Accessed 2025-01-30.

Heparin disrupts and impairs the functional capacity of cells used for cardiovascular repair.

48. Seeger, F. H., Rasper, T., Fischer, A., Muhly-Reinholz, M., Hergenreider, E., Leistner, D. M., Sommer, K., Manavski, Y., Henschler, R., Chavakis, E., Assmus, B., Zeiher, A. M., & Dimmeler, S. (2012). Heparin disrupts the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis and impairs the functional capacity of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells used for cardiovascular repair. Circulation Research, 111(7), 854–862. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.265678.

Stem cells can lose viability and functionality when exposed to extreme temperatures.

49. Parent’s Guide to Cord Blood Foundation. (n.d.). What happens to cord blood cells when the freezing process is interrupted? https://parentsguidecordblood.org/en/news/what-happens-cord-blood-cells-when-freezing-process-interrupted. Accessed 2025-03-24.

There has been a call by the scientific community to store additional aliquots of cord blood and a move to improve the science of expansion in order to broaden the availability of usage and doses.

50. Rosenau, E. H., Sugrue, M. W., Haller, M., Fisk, D., Kelly, S. S., Chang, M., Hou, W., Eldjerou, L., Slayton, W., Cogle, C. R., & Wingard, J. R. (2012). Characteristics of thawed autologous umbilical cord blood. Transfusion, 52(10), 2234–2242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03556.x.

Haller, M. J., Wasserfall, C. H., McGrail, K. M., Cintron, M., Brusko, T. M., Wingard, J. R., Kelly, S. S., Shuster, J. J., Atkinson, M. A., & Schatz, D. A. (2009). Autologous umbilical cord blood transfusion in very young children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 32(11), 2041–2046. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-0967.

Parents consider stored cord blood to be a valuable resource, and some parents may not allow their children to take part in clinical trials in fear that they will deplete their cord blood supply.

51. Driscoll, K. A., Johnson, S. B., Schatz, D. A., & Haller, M. J. (2011). Use of a precious resource: Parental decision making about using autologous umbilical cord blood in studies involving young children with type 1 diabetes. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 32(4), 524–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2011.04.004.

UM171 enables a “robust” expansion of cord blood stem cells.

53. Fares, I., Chagraoui, J., Gareau, Y., Gingras, S., Ruel, R., Mayotte, N., Csaszar, E., Knapp, D. J., Miller, P., Ngom, M., Imren, S., Roy, D. C., Watts, K. L., Kiem, H. P., Herrington, R., Iscove, N. N., Humphries, R. K., Eaves, C. J., Cohen, S., Marinier, A., & Sauvageau, G. (2014). Cord blood expansion. Pyrimidoindole derivatives are agonists of human hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. Science, 345(6203), 1509–1512. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1256337.

Median time to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500 for PrepaCyte-CB is 16 days and for HES is 20 days.

55. Assessment of Hetastarch and PrepaCyte-CB in Transplanted Cord Blood Units. Poster presented at: ICBS 2017. 15th Annual International Cord Blood Symposium; 2017 June 8–10; San Diego, California.

Median time to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500 for AXP is 20 days.

56. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Hemacord Package Insert. https://www.fda.gov/media/82016/download. Accessed June 15, 2017.

Median time to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500 for Sepax is 21 days.

57. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). DUCORD Package Insert. https://www.fda.gov/media/84567/download. Accessed June 15, 2017.

Median time to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500 for Sepax/HES processed at Bloodworks is 21.5 days.

58. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). HPC, Cord Blood Package Insert. Accessed June 15, 2017.

Median time to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500 for Sepax/HES processed at ClinImmune Labs is 25 days.

59. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). HPC, Cord Blood Package Insert. Accessed June 15, 2017.

FDA gives families expanded access to treatments for brain injuries using banked cord blood.

60. National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (n.d.). Expanded Access Protocol: Umbilical Cord Blood Infusions for Children with Brain Injuries (No. NCT03327467). https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03327467. Accessed 2025-01-27.

According to a study of over 500,000 births that showed when a child had an Apgar score of 3 or below at 5 minutes there was an 11% chance of having CP or another neurological disorder (only occurs 1 in every 1000 births).

61. Lie, K. K., Grøholt, E. K., & Eskild, A. (2010). Association of cerebral palsy with Apgar score in low and normal birthweight infants: Population based cohort study. BMJ, 341, c4990. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c4990.

Delayed cord clamping (30-60 seconds) can be done without a significant compromise to cord blood volume for banking.

62. Frändberg, S., Waldner, B., Konar, J., Rydberg, L., Fasth, A., & Holgersson, J. (2016). High quality cord blood banking is feasible with delayed clamping practices: The eight-year experience and current status of the national Swedish Cord Blood Bank. Cell and Tissue Banking, 17(3), 439–448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-016-9565-6.

U.S. recall of Heparin.

63. Tanne, J. H. (2008). Four deaths and 350 adverse events lead to US recall of heparin. British Medical Journal, 336(7641), 412–413. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39496.419248.DB.

Cryo-Cell kit provides 30x more protection.

64. Jour, St. Lynda, Popp David, Robbins Paul, Kelley Linda. (2013). Development of a cost effective, single-use container to maximize protection from high temperature for transportation of fresh umbilical cord blood. Cryo-Cell International. [Internal Document]

Database of privately and publicly funded clinical studies conducted around the world.

65. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health. https://clinicaltrials.gov. Accessed 2025-02-04.

The cord blood separation league table: a comparison of the major clinical grade harvesting techniques for cord blood stem cells. 

66. Basford, C., Forraz, N., Habibollah, S., Hanger, K., & McGuckin, C. (2010). The cord blood separation league table: A comparison of the major clinical grade harvesting techniques for cord blood stem cells. International Journal of Stem Cells, 3(1), 32–45. https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc.2010.3.1.32.

FACT accreditation is the threshold for excellence in cellular therapy. 

67. Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy. (n.d.). What FACT accreditation means to patients. https://www.factglobal.org/accreditation-process/what-fact-accreditation-means-to-patients Accessed 2025-03-25

In clinical trials, MSCs have demonstrated the ability to help regulate the body’s immune response, reduce inflammation, and stimulate tissue repair mechanisms.

68. Torre P, Flores AI. Current Status and Future Prospects of Perinatal Stem Cells. Genes (Basel). 2020 Dec 23;12(1):6. doi: 10.3390/genes12010006. PMID: 33374593; PMCID: PMC7822425. 

69. Fan, XL., Zhang, Y., Li, X. et al. Mechanisms underlying the protective effects of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 77, 2771–2794 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03454-6.

Our FACT accreditation’s rigorous, cord blood-specific standards prioritize clinical success, maximizing the potential for your child’s cells to be viable and effective when needed. 

70. Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT). (n.d.). NetCord-FACT International Standards for Cord Blood Collection, Banking, and Release for Administration (Eighth Edition). Retrieved September 23, 2025, from https://www.factglobal.org/standards/cbb-standards/. Accessed 2025-10-20

Statistics indicate that transplants between siblings generally have fewer complications compared to those involving unrelated donors. 

71. Giralt S, Bishop MR. Principles and overview of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Treat Res. 2009;144:1-21. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-78580-6_1. PMID: 19779888; PMCID: PMC6953421. 

Disclaimer: Some references reflect older data. The field has advanced; consult recent sources or ClinicalTrials.gov for up-to-date information.
Last Updated January 2026.